宣傳、散佈、傳播
- propagate（v.）傳播、散播。（v.）繁衍（植物或動物）
- advertise
- broadcast
- disseminate（v.）：散播、宣傳、傳播
相似的、類似的
- similar
- analogue（n.）類似物、相似物。（adj.）類比的 ↔️ digital（adj.）數位地
- comparable（adj.）相比較地
- parallel（adj.）同時發生的；相同的，類似的
遵從、服從
- yield（v.）屈服
- submit（v.）服從，提交
- subject
- （v.）征服，The invaders quickly subjected the local tribes.。（adj.）遭受、承受，Cars are subject to a high domestic tax.。（adj.）被征服的民族、國家，subject peoples/states
- comply（v.）遵守、順從，There are serious penalties for failure to comply with the regulations.
- obey（v.）服從，obey the law = observe the law
- obedient（adj.）obedience（n.）
贊成、同意
- subscribe（v） 赞成，同意；订阅
- agree 同意
- concur 同意＋with 想法
- consent（n.）許可、允許、同意，Her latest novel, by common consent, is her best yet.大多數人認同
一致認同
- agreement（n.）
- consensus（n.）共識，Could we reach a consensus on this matter?
- accordance（n.） 依照規則／法律／意願等，In accordance with＋sth 按照規則、意願
允許
- permit
- allow
禁止、阻止
- prohibit＋from sth
- ban（v.）（尤指官方）禁止＋from sth，She was banned from driving for two years.
- forbid（v.）（尤指官方）禁止，不許，He is forbidden from leaving the country.
阻礙、妨礙
- hinder（v.）妨礙、阻礙＋in sth，High winds have hindered firefighters in their efforts to put out the blaze.
- obstruct（v.）阻塞、堵塞、阻擋，An accident is obstructing traffic on the M11.
- impediment（n.）阻礙、妨礙，In a number of developing countries, war has been an additional impediment to progress.
- block
- prevent （v.）阻止，预防，His disability prevents him (from) driving.
- hamper（v.）阻礙、妨礙。（n.）有蓋的長方形大容器，a picnic hamper
- hindrance（n.）阻礙、障礙，I've never considered my disability a hindrance, but other people have.
罪犯、犯罪者
- prisoner
- offender
- inmate 囚犯
- convicted criminal
大量地、充足地 ➡️ abundant supply,ample opportunity, ample evidence
- abundant（adj.）
- plentiful（adj.）
- ample（adj.）
- affluent（adj.）富裕的；富足的，affluent nations/neighbourhoods = wealthy
很多
- many / much
- numerous（adj.）
- countless（adj.）無數次、數不清的
巨大
- vast（adj.），A vast audience watched the broadcast.
- large（adj.）
- huge（adj.）
能力
- capacity（n.）能力、容納
- The stadium has a seating capacity of 50,000.She has a great capacity for hard work.It seems to be beyond his capacity to (= he seems to be unable to) follow simple instructions.超乎能力範圍All our factories are working at (full) capacity（n.）職位、角色，She was speaking in her capacity as a novelist, rather than as a television presenter.
- faculty （n.）官能、機能、能力、才能，（高等院校的）系、院
- She has a faculty for inspiring confidence in people.Is he in command/possession of all his faculties？身體機能正常？
- competence （n.）能力、才幹、水準，He reached a reasonable level of competence in his English. ↔️ incompetence（n.）無能
能夠
- be able to
- be capable of＋v-ing
- be adept at擅長、熟練某事
- be competent at可以勝任某事
- be good at
容納
- accommodate（v.）容納，There wasn't enough space to accommodate the files.。提供援助，We always try to accommodate (= help) our clients with financial assistance if necessary.
重要的
- important
- necessary
- essential
- vitally important
- pivotal（adj.）關鍵的、核心的，a pivotal figure/role/idea
- vital
意想不到地
- unexpected（adj.）
- unpredictable（adj.）
- unforeseen（adj.）
嗜好、休閒活動
- hobby
- pastime
- recreation娛樂、消遣
- leisure activity
流行地
- popular
- widely enjoyed
生育、生殖
- birth
- fertility
- reproduction
每年地
- yearly
- annual
高等教育
- higher education
- tertiary education
- gain an education＝receive an education 接受教育gain an higher education ＝ attend college or universitycomplete / achieve university 完成學業
整容手術
- plastic surgery
- cosmetic surgery
- cosmetic procedure
執行
- conduct＋問卷
- perform
- carry out
牽涉
- involve
- entail（v）＋v-ing/ sth
拔出、提出、取出
- remove
- absorb（v.）吸收，The drug is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream.
- extract（v.）提取，They used to extract iron ore from this site.
影響
- affect（v.）影響；侵襲；感染；打動，I was deeply affected by the film
- effect（n.）效果；影響；結果，The radiation leak has had a disastrous effect on/upon the environment.
- effective（a）有效地
- influence（v./n.）巨大影響，He has a huge amount of influence over the city council.
- impact（v./n.）巨大影響，強大作用＋on sth
改善
- improve
- revolutionize（v.）革命性劇變，Newton's discoveries revolutionized physics.
不可否認地
- of course
- admittedly（adv.），Admittedly, I could have tried harder but I still don't think all this criticism is fair.
- undoubted（adj.）
再次聲明、強調
- reaffirm（v.）重申、加強，These events reaffirm my belief in the need for better information.
- restate（v.）重述，重申；（換種方法）重新表述，He restated his belief
有危害地
- harmful（adj.）
- detrimental（adj.），These chemicals have a detrimental effect/impact on the environment.
- degradation（n.）損害、危害，environmental degradation環境惡化
- damage（v.），It was a scandal that damaged a lot of reputations.
不同、使呈現差異
- vary（v.）使不同、使呈現差異，The samples varied in quality but were generally acceptable.
- differ（v.）不一樣、有區別，The twins look alike, but they differ in temperament.
- diversify（v.）多樣化，Many wheat farmers have begun to diversify into other forms of agriculture.多樣化經營
各種不同的、多樣性
- various（adj.）
- diverse（adj.），New York is a very culturally/ethnically diverse city
- diversity（n.）多樣性，Does television adequately reflect the ethnic and cultural diversity of the country?
- disparate（adj.）截然不同的，The two cultures were so utterly disparate that she found it hard to adapt from one to the other.
使變化
- change（v/n）
- alter（v.）（通常指輕微地）改動，修改；改變，We've had to alter some of our plans.
- convert（v.），Could we convert the small bedroom into a second bathroom?
- modify（v.）（稍作）修改，更改，Instead of simply punishing them, the system encourages offenders to modify their behaviour.
- variation（n.）變化、變動，variations in global temperature over the last 140 years
連續發生的、持續的
- constant（adj.）連續發生地、連續不斷的，He's in constant trouble with the police.
- continued（adj.）持續不間對的，Continued fighting in the city is causing great concern.
- continual（adj.）頻繁發生的，I've had continual problems with this car ever since I bought it.
- perpetual（adj.）永恆的、長期的，a perpetual student終身學習者
- permanent（adj.）永久地
匯集
- flood（v.），Donations are flooding into the homeless shelter.。（n.）洪水，The river is in flood (= water has flowed over its banks) again.
- influx（n.）湧入、匯集，Turkey is expecting an influx of several thousand refugees over the next few days.
度假者、旅行者
- traveler
- holidaymaker
- tourist，tourist season.
- tourism（n.）旅遊業
強壯地
- powerful
- potent（adj.）強有力的，強大的；有效力的，Surprise remains the terrorists' most potent weapon.
絕不、一點也不
- by no means
- not at all
- certianly not
外來者、移民
- newcomer
- immigrant（n.），a large immigrant population / Illegal immigrants非法移民
- settler（n.）移居者、定居者、殖民者
- migrant（n.）移民、遷徙的動物，The cities are full of migrants looking for work.
連結、使結合
- unite（v.）If the opposition groups unite, they may will command over 55 percent of the vote.
- assemble（v.）聚合、聚集，to assemble data
- merge（v.），They decided to merge the two companies into one.
- bring together
傳統地、保守地
- traditional（adj.）
- conservative（adj.）保守的；守舊的，a conservative society/outlook
- conventional（adj.）傳統的；常規的；普通的，conventional behaviour/attitudes/clothes， I find his art dull and conventional.落於俗套
刻板印象、成見
- generalization（n.）普遍化；歸納陳述（基於有限事實，以書面或口頭形式表達的基礎性論述，其部分或有時確實，但不絕對可靠）；給出普遍性的論述，The report is full of errors and sweeping/broad generalizations.
- stereotype（n.）（尤指錯誤的）刻板印象，老套俗見，成見，racial/sexual stereotypes，He doesn't conform to/fit/fill the national stereotype of a Frenchman.
流行地
- popular
- prevailing（adj.）盛行地、普遍地，the prevailing attitude / prevailing wind盛行風
- universal（adj.）普遍地、全體地、共同地，a universal truth
先前地
- beforehand（adv.）事先、預先
- precedent（n.）
- 先例、前例，There are several precedents for promoting people who don't have formal qualifications.慣例，Would it be breaking with precedent for the bride to make a speech?判例，The judgment on pension rights has established/set a precedent.
- prior（adj.）在前地、居先，The course required no prior knowledge of Spanish. / prior to sth 在某事之前。（adj.）優先順序，Mothers with young children have a prior claim on funds.
減輕、減緩
- mitigate（v.）mitigate the effects of tourism on the island.
- alleviate（v.）The drugs did nothing to alleviate her pain/suffering.
改善
- improve（v.）
- ameliorate（v.）使變好，改善，改進，Foreign aid is badly needed to ameliorate the effects of the drought
- enhance
- refine（v.）完善、精煉，refine the software
廢除、解除
- revoke
- rescind取消
- repeal（v.）廢除、撤銷（法律）
會議
- meeting
- seminar（n.）專指研討會（學術性的）
- conference（n.）大會、研討會、協商會， conference on women's rights
- convention（n.）大會、會議，比較像是政府黨派的那種 party convention
Empathy vs. Sympathy
sympathy is feeling compassion, sorrow, or pity for the hardships that another person encounters, while empathy is putting yourself in the shoes of another.Feb 9, 2016
sympathy同情、憐憫，empathy銅鋰鋅
反義詞ANTONYM
- optimistic / pessimistic
- negative / postive